Cardiff is set in the historic county of Glamorgan. The city we know today started life as the site of a Roman fort, built at the mouth of the River Taff. Cardiff Castle was the base of Glamorgan lords, governing Wales on behalf of the English monarchy for centuries. The small town grew around its castle. Cardiff would benefit from its position next to the Bristol Channel throughout its development, acting as a centre for imports and trading. When Edward VI ascended to the throne, he created a new title, Lord of Cardiff and Keeper of Cardiff Castle, which was granted to the Herbert family from South Wales. The position passed to the Bute family in 1776, who renovated the castle and started the development of the surrounding land. Cardiff's expansion into a city came from significant coal and iron ore mines in the 18th century. The population increased rapidly, and by the time the railways arrived, Cardiff was the largest coal exporting port globally. The city remains the biggest in Wales, named the capital in 1955. It's also the country's administrative, shopping and cultural heart – a perfect choice for a weekend break in the UK!