Lisbon Castle: A guide to exploring the historic Castelo de São Jorge

Perched high above Lisbon’s terracotta rooftops, Castelo de São Jorge is the kind of landmark that defines a city skyline long before you ever step inside it. Also known as St George’s Castle, Castle of São Jorge, or simply the Lisbon Castle, it's the city’s most famous fortress and one of the most visited historic sites in Portugal. Part fortress, part archaeological treasure, and part open-air viewpoint, this historic citadel has watched over Lisbon for more than two millennia. Today, it remains one of Portugal’s most iconic sites, inviting visitors to explore Moorish battlements, discover ruins older than Rome, and take in panoramic views from Alfama’s maze-like streets to the shimmering Tagus River.

Whether you’re here for the history, the photography opportunities, or simply to understand Lisbon from above, this guide will help you experience the castle like a local: the best viewpoints, the stories hidden in its stonework, and unmissable highlights nearby.

The hill where the castle stands has been occupied since the Iron Age, long before modern Lisbon was established. The Moors transformed it into a fortified citadel in the 11th century, shaping many of the walls, towers, and defensive structures that visitors still see today.

In 1147, the site became the centre of a dramatic turning point in Portuguese history when Portugal's first king, Afonso Henriques, captured the fortress. The story of Martim Moniz, the soldier who sacrificed his life to hold open the castle gate during the siege, is commemorated by the Gate of Martim Moniz, which you pass through as you enter. After this victory, the castle served as a symbol of royal authority for the following centuries of Portuguese rule, but was briefly taken over by the Spanish in the 16th century.

Its grandeur suffered when the Spanish transformed it into a military barracks, and again in 1755 when it sustained severe damage from the Lisbon Earthquake. However, a major restoration in the 20th century brought new life to the site, allowing visitors to walk the same routes that rulers, soldiers, and everyday citizens once knew well.

As you step inside the castle grounds, you'll discover a treasure trove of ancient artefacts, imposing battlements, and panoramic vistas. To make the most of your visit, make sure to join the free guided tour included in your entrance fee. There is plenty to see and explore on a visit to Lisbon Castle, but these are the highlights you can't miss:

The archaeological ruins within the castle grounds show evidence of periods of Portuguese history dating back to the 7th century BC. You can even find the ruins of the last palace, which was destroyed in the 1755 earthquake.

You can find a periscope which offers a 360º view of Lisbon in Ulysses Tower, one of the castle's 11 imposing turrets. Known as the camera obscura, this optical system of lenses and mirrors provides detailed views of the city's monuments, river and bustling streets. Access to the camera obscura is only available through a guided tour, so make sure you take advantage of the one included in your ticket.

In what remains of the old royal palace of the citadel, you'll find the castle museum. Here, you can explore a collection of ancient artefacts discovered in excavations of the site, which offer a glimpse into how modern-day Lisbon was formed.

The castle garden dates back to the 1950s and is one of the earliest examples of landscape architecture in Portugal. Take a stroll through the beautiful gardens and discover native Portuguese trees, roaming peacocks, and stunning city views.

As you explore the ruins of the castle and the fortress walls, you will find stunning views of all areas of Lisbon city. From the shimmering river to the iconic terracotta rooftops, there is a vista to discover around every corner. While you enjoy the views from the battlements, keep an eye out for these iconic landmarks:

This suspension bridge, also known as the Tagus River Bridge or the Portuguese Golden Gate Bridge, connects Lisbon with the municipality of Almada. It holds the record for the longest suspension bridge in Europe, and the castle offers an unparalleled perspective on the iconic landmark.

The longest waterway of the Iberian Peninsula is a stunning sight. If you bring binoculars, keep an eye out for the variety of bird species that nest around the river, and even dolphins, which have occasionally been spotted in the summer months. For another perspective on the magnificent river, Mercure Lisboa Almada offers stunning views of the river from the other side of the bay.

This district, found at the heart of Lisbon, is defined by elegant avenues, magnificent plazas, and neoclassical architecture. It was completely rebuilt following the 1755 earthquake, which gave it its unique grid structure. It is easy to spot from the castle viewpoints, as it stands out from the maze of the city's old quarters.

Unlike Baixa, the Alfama district survived the 1755 earthquake and so offers an authentic, medieval charm. Look out for its narrow cobbled streets, colourful houses, and iconic yellow tram.

There are plenty of options to get to the castle, thanks to Lisbon's comprehensive transport system. However, many visitors prefer to make their way on foot to enjoy the views on the way up the hill. If you choose to walk, just make sure to wear appropriate footwear, as the route through Alfama's streets is steep.

• Tram: Take Tram 28E to Santa Luzia Viewpoint.
• Bus: Bus 737 runs from Praça da Figueira to the castle.
• Metro: The closest stations are Rossio or Baixa-Chiado, followed by a short walk or tram ride.

Available online and at the ticket office, these are the standard prices for entrance tickets:

• Adults (over 26): €15
• Youth (13-25): €7.50
• Seniors (over 65): €12.50
• Children (under 12) and Lisboa Card Holders: Free

While you can buy tickets at the Castelo Ticket Office, by the castle entrance, it is best to book online to avoid queues. If you book discounted tickets online, make sure to bring proof to validate your ticket in person (e.g. a student card).

To avoid busy crowds, the best time of year to visit Lisbon castle is spring (March to May) or early autumn (September to October). If you're visiting during the summer, weekdays will be the least busy. It's best to aim for early morning, before most tourists arrive, or arrive from 3 pm, when crowds start to thin out.

• March to October: 9:00 AM – 9:00 PM (last entry at 8:30 PM)
• November to February: 9:00 AM – 6:00 PM (last entry at 5:30 PM)
• Closed: 1st January, 1st May, 24th December (closing at 1 PM), 25th December, and 31st December (closing at 1 PM)

We recommend allowing at least three hours for a comprehensive visit, especially if you want to explore all areas of the castle grounds. There is also a bar, restaurant, and street food available on the site, so make sure to allow more time if you want to stop for a drink or a meal.

With free entry for children under 13, Lisbon Castle is an excellent destination for families. The castle offers dedicated family activities every Sunday in March-June and September-October, including medieval games, birds of prey, and court dances, which are included in your ticket price.

Lisbon Castle is located on the summit of São Jorge hill, but there is plenty more to see as you stroll back down the slopes, so why not explore more of the incredible sights of Lisbon?

This small ancient neighbourhood is located in the surroundings of Lisbon Castle. Here you can find charming cafes, cobbled small streets, and an authentic taste of local culture. Due to its position high on the hilltop, it also offers stunning views of the city. For another perspective, Mama Shelter Lisbon offers breathtaking views of the city from its rooftop.

Once you've seen it from above, you won't be able to resist a stroll around the cobbled streets of Lisbon's oldest district. You can discover picturesque squares, colourful houses, traditional restaurants, and the iconic yellow tram, all within a stone's throw of the castle. This neighbourhood was built around the slopes surrounding the castle, so its history is entwined with Castelo de São Jorge. While you wander the maze of streets, look out for panoramic viewpoints, referred to as Miradouros in Portuguese.

Lisbon Cathedral, also known as the Sé, is the oldest church in the city, built in 1147. Just like the castle, it has survived many earthquakes and is classified as a national monument. Inside, you can find the famous Cross of Santo Antonio. The legend goes that Saint Anthony was tempted by the devil while studying at this cathedral, but he repelled him by drawing the sign of the cross that you can see engraved. Entry to the central area of the cathedral is free, but a small admission fee applies for the cloisters.

As the most renowned neighbourhood in the city, Baixa is a must-see when in Lisbon. Begin by admiring Restauradores Square, commemorating the resistance to Spanish domination in 1640, before strolling along the Avenida da Liberdade, which is full of cafes, terraces, and gardens. The Sofitel Lisbon Liberdade, located on the avenue, provides an excellent base for exploring the area. You can also find the National Museum of Contemporary Art for a taste of culture.

This medieval hilly quarter is the most multicultural area of the city, and even includes a mini Chinatown at the bottom of the hill. Its name means 'Moorish Quarter,' referring to the Moors who were allowed to stay in the city after they were conquered by the first King of Portugal, Afonso Henriques. It is also the birthplace of fado, the traditional Portuguese music genre, and you can find several locations in the neighbourhood to enjoy these melancholic tunes.

The National Pantheon, formerly the Church of Santa Engrácia, is a grand building which houses the tombs of distinguished Portuguese figures, including former presidents, writers, singers and footballers. According to legend, the Jew Simão Pires was condemned to death for stealing from the church, although he was actually there to visit his forbidden Christian lover, Violante. Before his execution, he cried out that he was as certain to die innocent as that the work would never end. His words seemed to come true, as, although the church was first built in the 17th century, its large dome was only completed in 1966. This gave rise to the expression in Portugal of 'a job like St. Engratia' to mean something that takes forever.

Combining history, culture, and scenery, Lisbon Castle is an essential destination on a trip to Lisbon. Once you've seen the city in all its glory from above, you won't be able to resist exploring the maze of cobbled streets and colourful houses that give Lisbon its unique charm. Whether you're on a solo trip to Lisbon or travelling with friends and family, any traveller will be inspired, with something to discover around every corner.