Dos and Don’ts: Saudi Arabia Rules Every Traveller Should Know

If you haven’t visited in a while (or ever) you might be surprised by how Saudi Arabia's rules have changed. Over the past decade, the country has reformed so many of its long-standing regulations that it feels almost unrecognizable. Women can now drive, international celebrities headline in Riyadh, and tourists are exploring sites that were once closed to visitors.

While many of Saudi Arabia's rules have changed, some things are evergreen - such as the importance of understanding local etiquette and traditions. They’re not meant to intimidate; instead, they act like a cultural compass to preserve local customs.

Because the kingdom is always introducing new reforms, we’ve put together this go-to guide to remind visitors of Saudi Arabia's rules. Keep reading to find out how to make the most of your stay in the kingdom, while observing local customs and traditions.

Fashion has become more flexible, but modesty is still at the top of Saudi Arabia's rules. Women are no longer required by law to wear abaya (the flowing black or navy robes), yet many still choose to wear them simply because they're elegant and timeless fashion pieces.

Many local designers - inspired by the kingdom's rapid transformation in recent years – have introduced new colours with graceful, yet edgy designs. Whatever you choose, just remember that shoulders, chest, and knees should remain covered, so think maxi dresses, loose trousers, long-sleeve blouses, or tunic tops. Some fashion lovers are even donning kimono-like abaya.

Men should also keep things conservative. Shorts are fine in many settings, but they’re better knee-length than thigh-high. Things like sleeveless gym shirts or leggings are best left for hotel gyms.

Meanwhile, in mosques or more traditional spaces, long trousers and sleeves are necessary. As for women, the same public dress code applies – just make sure to cover your hair with a scarf or hijab.

In private compounds or resorts, private beaches, and hotel pools, the mood totally shifts. Most swimsuits are acceptable, and men can go shirtless by the pool. Just remember to cover up before heading back into public spaces. When in doubt, just ask the hotel staff or a local. People in Saudi Arabia are usually friendly and always willing to help visitors who ask questions with respectful curiosity.

Understanding Saudi Arabia's rules and customs adds richness to your trip and makes it even more memorable.

In the Arab and Muslim world, hospitality is at the heart of daily life. So if you’re offered Arabic coffee and dates, accept with a smile, unless you’re allergic! Otherwise, your tiny cup will likely be refilled until you gently shake it side to side – that means you’ve had enough coffee!

Daily life also follows the rhythm of the five prayer times. That typically means stores and some shopping malls may pause briefly, but this is not an inconvenience. Take it as a sign to slow down and admire the surrounding ambiance. Also, music and TV are usually paused when the Athan (call to prayer) starts, as well as during the prayer itself.

When it comes to social etiquette, public displays of affection should be avoided, even between married couples. Holding hands is totally fine – just keep it warm and simple.

Greetings between friends are also warm, but measured: men usually shake hands. It’s not typical for a man to shake hands with a woman unless she extends her hand first. Female friends sometimes greet each other with gentle hugs or cheek-to-cheek kisses.

While mixed groups in restaurants and cafés are now common, it's always best to follow the local lead.

Every country has its quirks and laws, and Saudi Arabia's rules are no different. Remember: most visitors need a visa, but the eVisa process is simple online. Requirements can shift, so check the official government portal before flying out.

Public behaviour in Saudi Arabia is guided by politeness. Loud or rowdy conduct doesn’t go over well. Instead, aim for a respectful and thoughtful presence, even when faced with an inconvenience. People in the kingdom – from waiters to security or authority figures – usually respond to reason and are willing to help when there’s an issue.

When taking photos, it’s important to follow Saudi Arabia's rules and show respect for local customs. Make sure to always ask before taking pictures of people – privacy here is important, especially for women. Government buildings, palaces, and military sites are strictly off-limits. But a sunset or landscape? Absolutely. The man in the market selling spices? Make sure to ask first.

Saudi Arabia's rules are built on respect for local customs and tradition, as well as religion. For example, when dining, eating with the right hand is customary here. Interesting fact: the Prophet Muhammed (Peace be upon him) advised Muslims to always eat with their right hand, and enter a home or mosque with their right foot. Gestures like this may seem small, but they carry a lot of meaning. That said, you certainly won't be frowned upon if you forget or if you're left-handed!

Keep in mind: in some gatherings, dinner hosts may pile your plate high as a gesture of generosity – so pace yourself and feel free to signal in a polite way that you’ve had enough.

In some places, like traditional mandi or kabsa restaurants, certain large plates of rice and meat are meant to be shared. Did you know that eating from the same plate is a cherished tradition in the Middle East and North Africa? Customs like this are meant to bring friends and family together, highlighting the warmth of community. Also, some locals will eat with their hands, which is a local custom, but the rule is to stick to your own portion. Otherwise, using spoons or forks is also perfectly fine.

Remember: a cheerful “As-salaam alaykum” (peace be upon you) is the perfect icebreaker and the traditional greeting to say when entering a house or gathering. In homes, it’s customary to remove your shoes before entering, and if you’re invited in, bring a small token gift – such as chocolates, dessert, or flowers. Social visits are usually leisurely, so don’t be in a rush to leave.

Faith is central to Saudi life, so being mindful in religious contexts is going to be essential. Saudi Arabia's rules state that non-Muslims cannot enter Makkah or the Prophet’s Mosque and its vicinity in Madinah.

But there are many other mosques in the kingdom that welcome visitors. It goes without saying – conservative attire in mosques is expected and silence is appreciated. If you’re planning a trip to Madinah, or you'd like to learn more about the historical significance of the Prophet Muhammad’s Mosque, be sure to check out our guide here.

During Ramadan, Saudi Arabia's rules extend into public life. Just remember that eating, drinking, or smoking in public during daylight is discouraged. Although, it’s acceptable to eat and drink in some private dining areas in hotels. After sunset, however, you’re invited to break the fast at the festive iftar meals – a delicious way to experience Saudi etiquette and hospitality firsthand.

Getting around the kingdom is pretty easy – although traffic in major cities like Riyadh and Jeddah can be hectic. But, ride-hailing apps such as Uber and Careem are very convenient. Foreign visitors can also rent cars with a valid international license, while some foreign licenses are accepted. Make sure to check official websites first.

Stick to posted speed limits (traffic cameras and radars are everywhere), and when on desert roads, make sure your vehicle is well-fueled and stocked with drinking water. The good news is that Saudi Arabia is among the safest countries for travellers, with low crime rates, so you can easily go for a road trip in the kingdom with peace of mind.

Some things simply shouldn’t make it into your suitcase. That said, alcohol is strictly banned, and there are no exceptions for visitors or tourists. Saudi Arabia's rules also prohibit recreational drug use, with severe penalties.

Religious materials are fine for personal use, but bringing multiple copies for public distribution isn’t allowed. Some electronic items may be checked at customs. It's also best to avoid packing meats or pork products. Also, while electronic cigarettes are available, smoking in public places is usually restricted, so keep an eye out for signs.

In Saudi Arabia, it’s a good idea to dress modestly, greet people politely, and respect prayer times. Accept hospitality when offered, and always avoid public displays of affection.

Saudi Arabia's rules and regulations require visitors to apply for a visa, which is easily obtained online. Requirements can change, so check the official Saudi government website before travelling. It’s always a good idea to carry your passport and ID at all times.

Modest, loose clothing is appropriate in Saudi Arabia. Women should cover their arms, shoulders, and knees, while men should avoid sleeveless shirts or swimwear in public. Private resorts, compounds, and hotels are exceptions, where relaxed attire is usually welcome. When in doubt, just ask those in the hotel or resort.

It’s a general rule of thumb to avoid taking pictures or selfies near government buildings or military sites in Saudi Arabia, and never take pictures of people without asking.

Non-Muslims cannot enter Makkah. They can visit Madinah, but are not allowed to enter Al Masjid al-Nabawi (the Prophet’s Mosque) or its vicinity. Other mosques in the kingdom are open to visitors. Modest dress across the kingdom is required, and respectful silence is appreciated.

Yes. Women can now drive, travel alone, and access public spaces independently in Saudi Arabia.

Alcohol is prohibited nationwide in Saudi Arabia. Instead, you can enjoy the local tradition of fresh juices, fragrant Arabic coffee or chai, and creative non-alcoholic mocktails.